|Table of Contents|

Extrapolating method of extreme load effects on long-span bridge under actual traffic loads(PDF)

《交通运输工程学报》[ISSN:1671-1637/CN:61-1369/U]

Issue:
2018年05期
Page:
47-55
Research Field:
Publishing date:

Info

Title:
Extrapolating method of extreme load effects on long-span bridge under actual traffic loads
Author(s):
LU Nai-wei1; 2;  LIU Yang1;  XIAO Xin-hui3
(1. School of Civil Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, Hunan, China; 2. Institute for Risk and Reliability, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover 30167, Lower Saxony, Germany; 3. Hunan Province Engineering Laboratory of Bridge Structure, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, Hunan, China)
Keywords:
bridge engineering;  vehicle load;  extreme load effects;  stochastic traffic flow;  weigh-in-motion;  extrapolation method
PACS:
U441.2
DOI:
-
Abstract:
A probabilistic superposition approach was proposed for investigating the extreme load effects of stochastic traffic flows with multiple densities. The approach was utilized to extrapolate the extreme values of vehicle load effects on the long-span bridges using the measured traffic data. The principle of superposing level-crossing rate based on the Rice's formula was explained, and its validity was proved. Three types of stochastic traffic flows, including the sparse flow, normal flow and dense flow, were simulated based on the long-term monitored traffic data of a highway bridge in China, and the maximum bending moment of a concrete cable-stayed bridge was analyzed based on the level-crossing superposition model. Analysis result shows that based on the measured traffic data of a highway, the densities of free flow, normal flow and busy flow are 1.7, 5.0 and 8.3 veh·min-1, respectively. In the numerical example, when the occupancy of 45 t-vehicles increases from 0 to 80%, the maximum vehicle mass decreases by only 1.2%. But when the occupancy of 50 t-vehicles increases from 0 to 20%, the maximum vehicle mass decreases by 14.4%. This phenomenon indicates that the extreme value of a non-equilibrium random process composed by some stationary random processes is mostly depended on the random processes with higher values. The maximum extrapolating error of the maximum vehicle mass is 2.55% for the mixed traffic flow using the level-crossing superposition approach, which explains that the extrapolating approach of extreme load effects on long-span bridges based on the principle of vehicle dispersion and superposition of extreme value probability is feasible. The increase of occupancy of dense traffic flow from 0 to 5% leads to an amplification of 33.45% for the maximum bending moment of the girder of a cable-stayed bridge. When the annual traffic growth rate of a cable-stayed bridge is 2.8% in the design lifetime, the probability that the mid-span extreme bending moment of the bridge girder exceeds the design standard value is 0.83 and higher than the design requirements, therefore, it is deserved to take some measures to control the traffic flow. 2 tabs, 14 figs, 30 refs.

References:


[1] 黄平明,袁阳光,赵建峰,等.重载交通下空心板桥梁承载能力安全性[J].交通运输工程学报,2017,17(3):1-12. HUANG Ping-ming, YUAN Yang-guang, ZHAO Jian-feng, et al. Bearing capacity safety of hollow slab bridge under heavy traffic load[J]. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 2017, 17(3): 1-12.(in Chinese)
[2] 鲁乃唯,刘 扬,NOORI M.交通量持续增长下大跨桥梁时变极值外推分析[J].工程力学,2018,35(7):159-166. LU Nai-wei, LIU Yang, NOORI M. Extrapolation of time-variant extreme effect on long-span bridge considering steadily growing traffic volume[J]. Engineering Mechanics, 2018, 35(7): 159-166.(in Chinese)
[3] DENG Lu, WANG Wei, YU Yang. State-of-the-art review on the causes and mechanisms of bridge collapse[J]. Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities, 2016, 30(2): 04015005-1-13.
[4] NOWAK A S. Load model for bridge design code[J]. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 1994, 21(1): 36-49.
[5] CAPRANIC C. Calibration of a congestion load model for highway bridges using traffic microsimulation[J]. Structural Engineering International: Journal of the International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering, 2012, 22(3): 342-348.
[6] LU Nai-wei, BEER M, NOORI M, et al. Lifetime deflections of long-span bridges under dynamic and growing traffic loads[J]. Journal of Bridge Engineering, 2017, 22(11): 04017086-1-12.
[7] 韩万水,闫君媛,武 隽,等.基于长期监测的特重车交通荷载特性及动态过桥分析[J].中国公路学报,2014,27(2):54-61. HAN Wan-shui, YAN Jun-yuan, WU Jun, et al. Extra-heavy truck load features and bridge dynamic response based on long-term traffic monitoring record[J]. China Journal of Highway and Transport, 2014, 27(2): 54-61.(in Chinese)
[8] 祝志文,黄 炎,向 泽.货运繁重公路的车辆荷载谱和疲劳车辆模型[J].交通运输工程学报,2017,17(3):13-24. ZHU Zhi-wen, HUANG Yan, XIANG Ze. Vehicle loading spectrum and fatigue truck models of heavy cargo highway[J]. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 2017, 17(3): 13-24.(in Chinese)
[9] OBRIEN E J, ENRIGHT B. Modeling same-direction two-lane traffic for bridge loading[J]. Structural Safety, 2011, 33(4/5): 296-304.
[10] O'CONNOR A, OBRIEN E J. Traffic load modelling and factors influencing the accuracy of predicted extremes[J]. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 2005, 32(1): 270-278.
[11] CAPRANI C C, OBRIEN E J, LIPARI A. Long-span bridge traffic loading based on multi-lane traffic micro-simulation[J]. Engineering Structures, 2016, 115: 207-219.
[12] OBRIEN E J, ENRIGHT B. Using weigh-in-motion data to determine aggressiveness of traffic for bridge loading[J]. Journal of Bridge Engineering, 2013, 18(3): 232-239.
[13] OBRIEN E J, LIPARI A, CAPRANI C C. Micro-simulation of single-lane traffic to identify critical loading conditions for long-span bridges[J]. Engineering Structures, 2015, 94: 137-148.
[14] MIAO T J, CHAN T H T. Bridge live load models from WIM data[J]. Engineering Structures, 2002, 24(8): 1071-1084.
[15] 阮 欣,周小燚,郭 济.基于合成车流的桥梁车辆荷载效应极值预测[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2012,40(10):1458-1462,1485. RUAN Xin, ZHOU Xiao-yi, GUO Ji. Extreme value extrapolation for bridge vehicle load effect based on synthetic vehicle flow[J]. Journal of Tongji University: Natural Science, 2012, 40(10): 1458-1462, 1485.(in Chinese)
[16] 阮 欣,周军勇,石雪飞.桥梁汽车荷载响应的极值外推方法综述[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2015,43(9):1339-1346. RUAN Xin, ZHOU Jun-yong, SHI Xue-fei. Review on extreme extrapolation methods for bridge traffic load response[J]. Journal of Tongji University: Natural Science, 2015, 43(9): 1339-1346.(in Chinese)
[17] 李植淮,李春前,孙健康,等.基于 GPD 模型的车辆荷载效应极值估计[J].工程力学,2012,29(增1):166-171. LI Zhi-Huai, LI Chun-qian, SUN Jian-kang, et al. Estimation of extreme vehicle load effect based on GPD model[J]. Engineering Mechanics, 2012, 29(S1): 166-171.(in Chinese)
[18] 冯海月,伊廷华,陈 斌.采用广义 Pareto 分布进行车辆荷载效应极值估计的研究[J].振动与冲击,2015,34(15):7-11,22. FENG Hai-yue, YI Ting-hua, CHEN Bin. Extreme estimation for vehicle load effect based on generalized Pareto distribution[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2015, 34(15): 7-11, 22.(in Chinese)
[19] 刘 浪,尤 吉.公路桥梁车辆荷载效应的外推计算[J].土木工程学报,2015,48(4):59-64. LIU Lang, YOU Ji. Extrapolation method for truck load effects on highway bridges[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2015, 48(4): 59-64.(in Chinese)
[20] 宗周红,杨泽刚,夏叶飞,等.拥堵运行状态下新沂河大桥车辆荷载模型[J].中国公路学报,2016,29(2):44-51. ZONG Zhou-hong, YANG Ze-gang, XIA Ye-fei, et al. Vehicle load model for Xinyihe River Bridge under congested running status[J]. China Journal of Highway and Transport, 2016, 29(2): 44-51.(in Chinese)
[21] 夏樟华,陈俊民,宗周红,等.并道运行状态下高速公路桥梁车辆荷载效应[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2017,37(1):76-84. XIA Zhang-hua, CHEN Jun-min, ZONG Zhou-hong, et al. Vehicle load effect of expressway bridge in the state of lanes merging[J]. Journal of Chang'an University: Natural Science Edition, 2017, 37(1): 76-84.(in Chinese)
[22] 周军勇,石雪飞,阮 欣,等.高速公路分车道荷载差异及其响应特性[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2018, 46(4): 458-464. ZHOU Jun-yong, SHI Xue-fei, RUAN Xin, et al. Lane load disparities and their loading effect characteristics of freeway[J]. Journal of Tongji University: Natural Science, 2018, 46(4): 458-464.(in Chinese)
[23] CHEN S R, WU J. Modeling stochastic live load for long-span bridge based on microscopic traffic flow simulation[J]. Computers and Structures, 2011, 89(9/10): 813-824.
[24] OBRIEN E J, HAYRAPETOVA A, WALSH C. The use of micro-simulation for congested traffic load modeling of medium-and long-span bridges[J]. Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, 2012, 8(3): 269-276.
[25] 韩大章,周军勇,朱 荣,等.基于计重收费数据的大跨径桥梁荷载效应评估[J].桥梁建设,2018,48(4):27-32. HAN Da-zhang, ZHOU Jun-yong, ZHU Rong, et al. Assessment of traffic load effects of long-span bridge based on toll-by-weight data[J]. Bridge Construction, 2018, 48(4): 27-32.(in Chinese)
[26] 刘 扬,鲁乃唯,邓 扬.基于实测车流的钢桥面板疲劳可靠度评估[J].中国公路学报,2016,29(5):58-66. LIU Yang, LU Nai-wei, DENG Yang. Fatigue reliability assessment of steel bridge decks under measured traffic flow[J]. China Journal of Highway and Transport, 2016, 29(5): 58-66.(in Chinese)
[27] CREMONA C. Optimal extrapolation of traffic load effects[J]. Structural Safety, 2001, 23(1): 31-46.
[28] 鲁乃唯,罗 媛,汪勤用,等.车载下大跨度桥梁动力可靠度评估[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2016,50(12):2328-2335. LU Nai-wei, LUO Yuan, WANG Qin-yong, et al. Dynamic reliability assessment for long-span bridges under vehicle load[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University: Engineering Science, 2016, 50(12): 2328-2335.(in Chinese)
[29] OBRIEN E J, BORDALLO-RUIZ A, ENRIGHT B. Lifetime maximum load effects on short-span bridges subject to growing traffic volumes[J]. Structural Safety, 2014, 50: 113-122.
[30] 鲁乃唯.随机车流下悬索桥加劲梁动力响应概率模型与可靠度研究[D].长沙:长沙理工大学,2014. LU Nai-wei. Probability model of dynamic responses and reliability assessment for stiffening girders of suspension bridges under random traffic flow[D]. Changsha: Changsha University of Science and Technology, 2014.(in Chinese)

Memo

Memo:
-
Last Update: 2018-05-30